Hyperdynamic Circulatory Syndrome and Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy in Dogs

1st International Congress of Veterinary Internal Medicine (VIH 2024), Muğla, Türkiye, 14 - 16 Kasım 2024, ss.34-35, (Özet Bildiri)

The liver plays a critical role in maintaining the body’s metabolic balance. In the case of

hepatic failure, especially in advanced stages, this systemic metabolic and vascular balance

is disrupted and other organ systems are affected. Portal hypertension, the most important

complication of liver failure, and secondary porto-systemic shunts cause vasodilators (such as

NO, CO, endocabinoids) to pass into the systemic circulation. Vasodilation, which develops with

the increase in vasodilators, reduces arterial pressure, stimulates CNS, RAAS and vasopressin

release, and causes hyperdynamic circulation syndrome by increasing sodium retention and

plasma volume. In the pathophysiology of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, mechanisms such as

β-adrenergic receptor dysfunction, activation of endogenous cannabinoids and cardiomyocyte

apoptosis come to the fore. In addition, increased endocannabinoid activity and accumulation of

cardiodepressant substances negatively affect cardiac contractility. In the case of hepatic failure,

systolic dysfunction may develop due to the impairment of inotropic and chronotropic responses,

which are the stress response of the heart. These processes pave the way for the development of

cardiomyopathies in patients with liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and acquired

portosystemic shunts.