Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
A Guide to Vitamins and Their Effects on Disease, Ata Alturfan,Ebru Alturfan, Editör, Cambridge Scholars Publishing Ltd, Newcastle Upon Tyne, ss.6-15, 2023
Vitamins are organic molecules that function as coenzyme precursors.
Theirpresence is vital to regulate the biochemical processes in living
cells needed for survival. However, humans can’t synthesize all the
necessary vitamins
required to have a healthy metabolism. Hence,
these vitamins should be obtained from exogenous sources such as the
products of human gut microbiota and foods (1). The enormous surface of
the human gastrointestinal tract (250–400 m2) is exposed to nearly 60
tonnes of food passing through including the microorganisms from the
environment (2, 3). Bacteria, archaea, and eukarya are gut microbiota
colonizing the gastrointestinal tract and there is obviously a mutually
beneficial relationship between the members of the gut microbiota and
the host (4). The estimated number of gut microbiota is 1014, which is
10 times higher than the number of human cells in the body (5, 6). The
gut microbiota has many benefits for the human gastrointestinal tract,
such as strengthening the gut integrity (7), supply of energy (8),
protection against environmental pathogens (9), and regulating the host
immunity (10). However, alteration in the microbial composition
of the gut microbiota is known as dysbiosis, and it may disrupt all of these
beneficial effects.
Vitamins are organic molecules that function as coenzyme precursors. Theirpresence is vital to regulate the biochemical processes in living cells needed for survival. However, humans can’t synthesize all the necessary vitamins
required to have a healthy metabolism. Hence, these vitamins should be obtained from exogenous sources such as the products of human gut microbiota and foods (1). The enormous surface of the human gastrointestinal tract (250–400 m2) is exposed to nearly 60 tonnes of food passing through including the microorganisms from the environment (2, 3). Bacteria, archaea, and eukarya are gut microbiota colonizing the gastrointestinal tract and there is obviously a mutually beneficial relationship between the members of the gut microbiota and the host (4). The estimated number of gut microbiota is 1014, which is 10 times higher than the number of human cells in the body (5, 6). The gut microbiota has many benefits for the human gastrointestinal tract, such as strengthening the gut integrity (7), supply of energy (8), protection against environmental pathogens (9), and regulating the host immunity (10). However, alteration in the microbial composition
of the gut microbiota is known as dysbiosis, and it may disrupt all of these
beneficial effects.