Assessment of macro-, trace, and toxic element levels in beef and chicken bone broths*
Journal of Elementology, cilt.31, sa.3, ss.671-682, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 31 Sayı: 3
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.5601/jelem.2026.31.2.3865
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Elementology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, CAB Abstracts, Environment Index
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.671-682
- Anahtar Kelimeler: bone broth, heavy metal, lead, mineral element, toxic mineral element
- İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Adresli: Evet
Özet
Bone broth is a product obtained by simmering beef or chicken bones, either on their own or with various aromatic spices, over an extended period, and it is sold in packaged form. In recent years, with the perception that it is a good source of minerals in terms of health and nutrition, the consumption of bone broth has increased. Despite the health benefits of these products, concerns exist regarding the risk of heavy metals. Producing bone broth at home is a difficult and laborious process. For this reason, commercially produced beef and chicken bone broths have been offered for retail sale in recent years. In this study, beef bone broth (n=10) and chicken bone broth (n=3), offered for retail sale, were purchased in their original packaging from various sales points in Istanbul or online in May–June 2024. Macro-and trace element (Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Se, Zn) and toxic element (Pb, Al) analyses were performed on the samples using ICP-OES. The lowest and highest values (µg kg-1) for Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, Pb, Zn were as follows: Al (91.552; 120.739), Cr (1.215; 2.693), Cu (14.838; 21.129), Fe (176.429; 242.346), Mn (8.319; 14.265), Se (15.968; 21.618), Pb (6.335; 9.744), Zn (63.114; 91.286); the lowest and highest values (mg kg-1) for Ca, K, Na, and P were determined as follows: Ca (148.079; 223.233), K (5.682; 6.960), Na (13.549; 17.274), P (90.442; 116.590). The nutritional content of the analyzed samples was evaluated based on a reference daily serving size of 250 mL. The evaluation showed that beef and chicken bone broths were not very good sources of nutrition for most of the analyzed mineral elements; they only partially contributed to nutrition in terms of Se (8.13%), Ca (4.53%), and P (3.72%). Considering the levels of toxic elements lead (Pb) and aluminum (Al), the risk level associated with their consumption is assessed to be low. Future research should utilize larger samples to compare production methods, examine cooking parameters affecting mineral and toxic element transfer into bone broth, and assess further toxic elements.