Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
5th International Eurasian Conference on Biological and Chemical Sciences (EurasianBioChem 2022) November 23-25, 2022., Ankara, Türkiye, 23 - 25 Kasım 2022, ss.86, (Özet Bildiri)
In recent years, the number of studies on microRNAs (miRNAs) has increased considerably. miRNAs are short RNA
molecules 19 to 25 nucleotides in size that regulate posttranscriptional silencing of target genes (1). It has been revealed
that these small structures containing a small number of nucleotides can effect as critical points in organism. Conventional
cancer biomarkers are mainly produced by tumor tissues or normal embryo tissues, whereas they are absent or present in
small amounts in tissue organ and blood of healthy adults. However, more effective, accurate, specific and sensitive
screening biomarkers to perform detective and predictive functions in the treatment of cancer patients are still lacking.
Circulating miRNAs in this situation have a particular advantage as a potential clinical application. Almost most of the
potential miRNA biomarkers are found in both healthy individuals and cancer patients. It is stated that the difference in
expression levels between healthy people and patients is generally quite small. Therefore, it has been reported that studies
on comprehensive samples are required to accurately distinguish individuals with cancer from healthy conditions or other
benign injuries (2). Given the ability of miRNAs to target multiple genes and key biological mechanisms, these molecules
are under intense investigation as both biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Targeting multiple genes simultaneously and
miRNA has both advantages and disadvantages for its therapeutic effect. Achieving target organ specificity while limiting
off-target effects remains a major challenge in translating new discoveries in research into the successful therapeutic
effect of miRNA in the clinic (3). Even though high cost, demand on qualified person to practice wet lab and stability
problems count on limitation list of microRNAs, their usage as biomarker opened a new page in epigenetic research with
it’s superiorities like specificity and ability to design personal and targeted treatment.