Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, cilt.1363, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
In this study, a series of mixed-ligand complexes - [M(L)(tmp)] (M = Cu(II), Ni(II)) and [Zn(HL)(tmp)(OAc)] - were synthesized using the ONS-type tridentate 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde-N-phenylthiosemicarbazone (H2L) together with 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine (tmp) as the auxiliary ligand. The synthesized compounds were characterized through elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, & sup1;H NMR, and ESI-MS spectroscopy, confirming their composition and coordination environment. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes possess slightly distorted square-planar geometries (tau(4) = 0.15 and 0.05, respectively), whereas the Zn(II) derivative exhibited a penta-coordinated structure based on spectroscopic and analytical evidence. The antiproliferative properties of the ligand and the complexes were evaluated against THP-1, MDA-MB-231, K562, and HCT-116 cancer cell lines, as well as the normal HUVEC line, via the MTT assay. The Cu(II) and Zn(II) derivatives displayed significant cytotoxicity (IC50 = 2.6-17 & micro;M), in several cases surpassing cisplatin, whereas the Ni(II) compound was considerably less active. Apoptosis induction by the Cu(II) complex was additionally verified using Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometric analysis. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis and electrochemical studies were performed to understand the electronic features of the complexes. Antioxidant activity measured by CUPRAC and DPPH assays followed the decreasing order Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II). Collectively, the copper and zinc complexes exhibited strong dual antioxidant and cytotoxic characteristics, highlighting their potential as promising candidates for further anticancer research.