Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Sustainability in South Asian Cities, Subhash Anand,Rituparna Bhattacharyya,· Madhushree Das ·,Tulshi Kumar Das ·,Pushkar K. Pradhan, Editör, Springer, London/Berlin , Singapore, ss.373-390, 2025
Surface water, such as rivers, lakes, swamps, and reservoirs, has an essential role in the Earth’s water cycle, influencing the ecosystem and climate locally and globally. Because of their roles, the surface area change of the lakes is accepted as an important indicator for lake assessment. This chapter used remotely sensed data to determine spatial and temporal lake surface area changes in the selected four lakes (Band-e Zulfiqar, Band-e Haibat, Band-e Panir, Band-e Pudina) of Band-e Amir National Park, Afghanistan, with Google Earth Engine platform. To achieve the research objectives, the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) was selected among the other indices to extract and quantify the lake water surface area variations between May 2000 and August 2019, using multi-temporal Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM + ) and Landsat 8 Operational Land Image (OLI) data. A threshold value is determined to discriminate water surfaces from the other categories. Calculated accuracy assessment results showed that the selected method could provide the spatial distribution of lake water surface area changes with high accuracy. The results may help strengthen sustainable development goals (SDGs).