Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
1st INTERNATIONAL RUMELI CONGRESS ON FOOD AND HEALTH SCIENCES, İstanbul, Türkiye, 28 - 29 Ağustos 2023, cilt.1, sa.1, ss.102-104, (Özet Bildiri)
Introduction: In this study, it was aimed to determine phenotypic and genotypic beta lactam resistant Escherichia coli in the feces of wild migratory birds living in the
Marmara region or wild migratory birds that visited this region during migration and spent a certain period in this region.
Method: 272 fresh feces taken from wild birds by non-invasive methods were used. Birds to be defecated were classified into four groups and each group included 68 samples.
Group 1; Wild waterfowl resident in the Marmara Region, Group 2; resident wild blackbirds, Group 3; immigrants who spend the winter in our country, Group 4; It covered
the Immigrants who spent the spring and summer in our country. The presence of Beta Lactam, AmpC and Carbapenem resistances to E. coli isolated from the feces obtained
was investigated as phenotypic and genotypic. For the phenotypic detection of Beta Lactam and AmpC resistance, the obtained E.coli isolates were passaged into Cefotaxime
supplemented MacConkey Agar (MAC). Combined disk diffusion tests were applied to the cultured isolates according to the CLSI standard. In order to determine carbapenem
resistance, Modified Hodge Test was applied to E. coli strains grown in MAC without Cefotaxime additive. TEM, SHV, OXA-10, PER-2, CTX-M and AmpC in strains grown
on Cefotaxime supplemented MAC for the detection of genotypic Beta Lactam and AmpC resistance, and KPC, VIM, OXA for the detection of Carbapenem resistance in
the strains grown on Cefotaxime supplemented MAC. The presence of the -48 and NDM- 1 gene groups was investigated. In the analysis of the data, the relationship between rectal colonization and the presence of the causative agent-positivity rate and the presence of antibiotic resistance was statistically investigated.
Results: Regardless of the distribution of the groups, the phenotypic ESBL and/or AmpC positive isolates number of 84 E. coli strains grown on Cefotaxime supplemented
MacConkey Agar was 62 (62/272; 22.8%). In the distribution, it was determined that 55 isolates had phenotypic ESBL activity and 12 had phenotypic AmpC activity. No
phenotypic carbapenem resistance was detected in any of the 212 E. coli isolates grown in cefotaxime-free MAC. Regardless of the phenotypic results of 84 E. coli isolates grown
in MAC with Cefotaxime, PCR was performed to determine the genes encoding ESBL and AmpC, 48 of them were positive for ESBL only, 3 for AmpC only, 5 for ESBL and
for genes encoding AmpC activity. The distribution of genes was determined as blaCTX- M (n=50), blaSHV (n=2), blaOXA10 (n=10) for ESBL, blaMOX (n=6), blaCIT (n=2) for
AmpC. Genotypic carbapenem resistance was not found in any of the isolates grown in MAC without cefotaxime.
Conclusion: As a result, in this study, the presence of ESBL and/or AmpC β-lactamase producing E. coli was determined in wild birds residing in the Marmara region or passing
a certain period in this region through migration routes. It was determined that the resident wild bird population, which encounters human, animal life and their various wastes more
frequently, has a higher prevalence of E. coli producing ESBL and/or AmpC β-lactamase.The positivity in the determined groups and the significance between the groups were
found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). It has been determined that seagulls, crows and pigeons, which are increasingly collecting waste in urban areas, and pigeons that are
in contact with waste, may contribute to the spread of infectious agents, and may also be a potential source of especially ESBL genes.