Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy; ESSKA, Paris, Fransa, 27 - 29 Nisan 2022, ss.1-2, (Özet Bildiri)
Objectives: Muscle strength assessment is a principal component
of physical examination. Hand-held dynamometer (HHD) is a valid, portable and cost-efficient
device enabling quantitative and reproducible measurement of muscle strength.
It is more accessible and preferable in clinical setting compared with
isokinetic dynamometry. Although HHD is reliable, different factors have been
shown to affect the reliability such as assessor's strength, testing position
and stabilization. Researchers have tried to develop various stabilization
methods to eliminate these problems. Although some of them have shown high
reliability, they have several disadvantages such as high costs, lack of
practicality in clinical settings and/or inadequate ability to evaluate
different muscles. This study aimed to develop a practical stabilization device
for HHD assessments and to investigate the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability
of HHD using the stabilization device.
Methods: Healthy volunteers (18 to 29 years) with no history
of musculoskeletal disorders included in the study. Strength assessments were
held with and without the stabilization device by two independent raters. Their
respective backgrounds were as follows: Tester 1: a 29-year-old male physical
therapist (height: 180 cm, weight: 83 kg) with 5 years of clinical experience;
Tester 2: a 23-year-old female physical therapist (height: 168 cm, weight: 59
kg) with one year of clinical experience. Strength of the upper trapezius,
anterior deltoid, quadriceps, and gluteus medius were examined with HHD (Model
01160, Lafayette Instrument Co). The stabilization device has two metal
apparatuses; the first one is mounted on the wall and the other one is mounted parallel
to the ground and placed on the first apparatus. The second apparatus allows
shifting and rotating of HHD. HHD and the stabilization device were tested in
same positions and in random order for each muscle. Statistical analysis was
performed with the SPSS 21.0. The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were
identified by the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to compare data
from two independent raters and the device. ICC values were interpreted according
to the guideline by Portney and Watkins.
Results: Total of 52 healthy volunteers (21.51±2.02 years)
participated in study. Two subjects excluded who reported pain during
assessments. The intra-rater reliability was found excellent (ICC=0.89-0.99).
Although reliability between the assessors was good and excellent (ICC=0.85-
0.93), reliability between assessors and the device was found moderate to good
(ICC=0.48-0.78). Besides, in assessment of upper trapezius muscle strength with
HHD the ICCs were found lower compared to assessments of the other muscles (ICC=0.48-0.65).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that muscle strength
assessments using HDD or HHD with the stabilization device provides reliable
results for healthy subjects. However, it is important to consider that when
evaluating especially upper trapezius and gluteus medius strengths with HHD,
consistency of measurement may be affected by the size and strength of the
individuals. The amount of force (kg/N) produced by the volunteers during test
without the stabilization device was insufficient when compared to using it.
The reliability of HHD can be improved by using this practical, ergonomic,
portable, and low-cost stabilization device.