Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, cilt.10, ss.243-253, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus)
This study presents the design and experimental validation of a hybrid energy harvesting system for wearable biomedical sensor applications, integrating thermoelectric (TEG) and piezoelectric (PEG) generators to simultaneously exploit body heat and human motion. Each harvesting path is interfaced with an ultra-low-voltage step-up DC–DC converter configured to provide a regulated 3.7 V output and charge supercapacitors for energy storage. The TEG path directly processes millivolt-level DC output, while the PEG path incorporates voltage step-up, full-wave rectification using low-forward-voltage Schottky diodes, and multi-stage LC filtering to condition low-frequency AC signals before conversion. Experimental evaluation under realistic wearable conditions demonstrates that typical human activity can generate usable energy: the PEG generated 2.9 µW during routine seated office activities, whereas the TEG generated 310 µW under the same conditions. Start-up analysis indicates that the converter can operate from inputs as low as 20 mV, although higher input levels significantly reduce activation time and improve stability. The results confirm the complementary behaviour of the two sources, PEG providing higher instantaneous power during active motion and TEG supplying continuous low-level energy during stationary periods, thereby mitigating intermittency and enhancing overall system reliability. The proposed hybrid architecture demonstrates the feasibility of self-powered wearable systems under practical human activity scenarios.