Forensic Ancestry Inference: Data Requirements, Analysis Methods, and Interpretation of Results
Forensic DNA Analysis Technological Development and Innovative Applications, Pilli Elena,Berti Andrea, Editör, CRC, New York , Florida, ss.225-240, 2021
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2021
- Yayınevi: CRC, New York
- Basıldığı Şehir: Florida
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.225-240
- Editörler: Pilli Elena,Berti Andrea, Editör
- İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Adresli: Hayır
Özet
Being able to determine the biogeographic ancestry of an individual has
been important in many forensic efforts to determine the identity of a partial
or decayed body. Now a DNA sample can be the forensic equivalent of an
unidentified individual using just some blood left at the scene of a crime
or some semen left from a rape. The standard DNA markers, short tandem
repeats, used globally to tie an individual to the crime scene DNA, are not
good for inferring biogeographic ancestry because they do not vary much
among populations. But they do vary greatly among individuals—every
population has many alleles at each locus, but it is the same “many” in
most populations. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), on the other
hand, can vary greatly in their frequencies among populations. Recent
efforts by many researchers have begun to provide those markers. Panels
of Ancestry Informative SNPs (AISNPs) have been developed by many
researchers. These have been shown to vary in frequency among populations.
Databases have been developed for estimating how likely it is for
a DNA profile for those SNPs to occur in the different populations. Data
requirements, analytic methods, and criteria for interpreting the results are
all discussed.