Phytoremediation patterns of riparian macrophytes along a spatial pollution gradient: an integrated risk–performance assessment in the Riva stream, Türkiye
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION, cilt.28, sa.12, ss.3131-3148, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 28 Sayı: 12
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1080/15226514.2026.2682405
- Dergi Adı: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest), Scopus, Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest), Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), BIOSIS, EMBASE, MEDLINE
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.3131-3148
- İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Adresli: Evet
Özet
Assessing the phytoremediation efficiency of riparian macrophytes in natural stream systems remains challenging because plant performance is often evaluated using metal concentrations alone, without considering biomass-driven removal or spatial contamination variability. This study evaluated four macrophytes (Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis, Lythrum salicaria, and Persicaria lapathifolia) along a pollution gradient in the Riva Stream. A novel Remediation Efficiency Index (REI) was developed to integrate contamination risk with plant performance and classify species into site-specific management zones. Five sites were sampled during the 2025 vegetation season, and water and aboveground plant biomass were analyzed using ICP-OES. Results revealed clear spatial patterns. Midstream sites represented key potentially toxic element hotspots. P. lapathifolia showed the highest Cu and Fe concentrations (184.6 and 465.3 mg kg−1), while L. salicaria accumulated the highest Zn and Pb (119.5 and 2.83 mg kg−1). P. australis dominated Cr uptake (10.3 mg kg−1) and, due to its higher biomass (1145 g DW m−2), achieved the greatest total metal removal. REI classification placed P. australis in the Sustainable Remediation zone, whereas the other species fell into Adaptive Management or High-Risk Intervention zones. These findings show that integrating biomass-driven removal with spatial contamination patterns can guide phytoremediation strategies in contaminated streams.