Management of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials

Creative Commons License

Osmanlioğlu A. E.

Handbook of Advanced Approaches Towards Pollution Prevention and Control, Rehab O Abdel Rahman,Chaudhery Hussain, Editör, Elsevier Science, Oxford/Amsterdam , Amsterdam, ss.254-272, 2021

  • Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Yayınevi: Elsevier Science, Oxford/Amsterdam 
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Amsterdam
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.254-272
  • Editörler: Rehab O Abdel Rahman,Chaudhery Hussain, Editör
  • Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Adresli: Evet

Özet

This chapter describes the radioactive materials arising from the technological processing of natural sources. Radionuclides in the natural sources arise from uranium and thorium decay in the Earth’s crust. Technological processes increase concentrations of radionuclides in these natural sources and technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) are generated. TENORM incurs radiation from the natural radiation background and causes harmful effects via direct irradiation from outside the body or incorporated into the body. Starting from the main sources of TENORM products such as the nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear power plants, nuclear technology applications in medical and industrial facilities main sources are evaluated. Industrial facilities include petroleum and mineral extraction, coal and lignite burning and fertilizer processes as the main sources of TENORM. This chapter provides a survey of the main technological processes as TENORM sources, types, and treatment techniques