Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
International Scientific Research Congress Dedicated to The 30th Anniversary of Baku Eurasia University, Baku, Azerbaycan, 27 - 28 Nisan 2022, ss.642-644, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
The toner particles left by the printers on a document can be a guide in the analysis of many cases in the discipline of forensic document examination. Analyzing the sequence of written or signed part and printed part of a document is crucial to detect fraud. The aim of this study is to determine whether counting the printer toner particles on the ballpoint pen lines and the adjacent blank area as a useful method for definig the sequance of non-intersecting ballpoint pen and laser-printed writings. Samples were formed by writing letters and numbers on papers which were printed either before or after the writing process. A total of 10 different printers were used to prepare the printed parts of samples. Each sample was examined under the infrared light using Video Spectral Comparator (VSC 8000, Foster+Freeman, UK). Two forensic document examiners evaluated the existence of the particles on the groove of sample lines using a double blind method. Amount of the particles on the groove of line strokes determined whether the letters and numbers on the document were formed before or after the document text was printed. In 8 out of 10 documents, it was possible to detect sequences of written and printed parts. Two printers were slightly used and toner particles of these printers were sparsely scattered on the sample papers. This situation caused the examiners to not determine the sequence. Although this is a preliminary study, the results are promising for more comprehensive studies.
Keywords: toner particle, forensic document examination, questioned document examination, forensic science.